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Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast is an uncommon subtype of breast neoplasm that occurs in adults over a wide age range but most commonly in middle-aged and older adults. It usually presents as a solitary palp...
Oxymetazoline hydrochloride ophthalmic solution (0.1%) is a medication used to treat blepharoptosis. Patients who suffer from blepharoptosis have low-lying eyelids that can hinder their vision. Oxymetazoline h...
The loss of limbal stem cells owing to either corneal burn or inflammation leads to the repopulation of opaque skin over the raw surface of the cornea. It has been proposed that reconstitution of oral mucosal ...
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults is an infrequent form of autoimmune diabetes mellitus, while Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, the most common thyroid disease in adults, rarely manifests as thyrotoxicosis. The con...
Elastofibroma dorsi is a rare benign tumor of soft tissue, typically under the lower angle of the scapula. Its specific location and distinctive clinical symptoms can provide enough information for diagnosis. ...
Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney is an uncommon pediatric renal malignant neoplasm that is typically characterized in 2–3-year-olds by aggressive behavior and late relapses. Our literature review revealed fewe...
Liver involvement in adults with acute myeloid leukemia is uncommon. Most of the case reports describe acute liver failure or obstructive jaundice, while acute hepatitis is rarely mentioned. We report a patien...
Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a locally infiltrative mesenchymal tumour that most commonly affects the pelvis and/or perineum in adult women. AAM is very rare in males, especially in infancy.
Persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) is a rare arterial anastomosis between the basilar artery (BA) and internal carotid artery (ICA). It plays an indispensable role in a number of neurological disorders, includ...
Xeroderma pigmentosum is an extremely serious genetic disorder defined by sensitivity to sunlight, resulting in sunburn and pigment changes. If patients are not completely protected from ultraviolet radiation,...
Although the use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) has many advantages for the treatment of neonates, catheter malposition may result in serious complications that could be life-threatening. W...
Triple A syndrome is a very uncommon disease marked by a triad of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)—resistant features: adrenal insufficiency, alacrimia, and achalasia. It presents in several clinical forms...
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly known as Wegener granulomatosis, is a necrotizing vasculitis with granulomatous inflammation that belongs to the class of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-positi...
Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome is a rare X-linked primary immunodeficiency that mostly presents with a classic triad of eczema, microthrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, and increased risk of autoimmunity/maligna...
Niemann-Pick type A (NP-A) is a congenital, hereditary disease caused by a deficiency in acid sphingomyelinase, a lysosomal enzyme. This deficiency results in an accumulation of sphingomyelin in lysosomes, lea...
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most commonly inherited metabolic disease and has an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Patients with FH usually present with high levels of low-density lipoprote...
Pseudoprogression, the initial apparent worsening of cancer prior to eventual improvement, is a documented feature of immune checkpoint inhibitor administration and presents a challenge to clinicians distingui...
Torsion of the greater omentum is an uncommon cause of acute abdominal pain. Omental torsion can be divided into primary and secondary. Owing to its nonspecific abdominal pain, preoperative diagnosis is diffic...
Tractional retinal detachment secondary to retinal vein occlusion is a complex entity that can be extremely difficult to manage due to an intricate association of the retinal tissue with the fibrovascular prol...
Kagami–Ogata syndrome is a rare genetic imprinting disorder involving the 14q32.2 genomic location of chromosome 14. The estimated incidence is less than 1 per 1 million. Here we report a male neonate with Kag...
Extra-adrenal paraganglioma of the retroperitoneum is a very rare neoplasm arising from cells of the primitive neural crest. Although paragangliomas are considered benign and are often found incidentally, they...
Hypoglycemia is a fairly common complication in diabetic patients, particularly in those on insulin therapy. Hypoglycemia symptoms are classified into two types: autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms. If a pe...
A fetal-onset cervical mass may cause postnatal airway obstruction, and ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) to secure the airway while maintaining fetal-placental circulation may be life-saving. Malignant rh...
The cause of systemic lupus erythematosus is not completely clear so far, but the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus is significantly increased in people with additional X chromosomes.
This case report describes two rare cases of Coats disease in nonjuvenile patients with preserved vision.
The development of dysphagia and trismus following posterior C1–C3 fusion is rare compared to occipitocervical fusion, and there are very few reports in the literature.
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder accounts for nearly 90% of all bladder cancers. Risk factors include cigarette smoke, chronic cystitis, and human papilloma virus infection. It is commonly diagnosed by hema...
Simultaneous bilateral hip fractures without major trauma in the elderly are rare and usually symmetrical. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases of bilateral simultaneous asymmetric hip fracture in the ...
Urinary tract tuberculosis (UTTB) is a common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) which can infrequently present as renal carcinoma, leading to serious errors in the diagnosis and treatment of UTTB.
Myocarditis in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors has previously been reported to be rare, though it has most likely been underreported owing to misdiagnosis in the absence of overt clinical pr...
The Diegoa antigen commonly occurs in certain Asian and South American Indian populations. In general, hemolysis caused by anti-Diegoa antigen is not severe, and exchange transfusion is rarely needed. Here, we re...
Cannabinoid-based therapy has been shown to be promising and is emerging as crucial for the treatment of cognitive deficits, mental illnesses, and many diseases considered incurable. There is a need to find an...
Advanced understanding of tumor biology has recently revealed the complexity of cancer genetics, intra/inter-tumor heterogeneity, and diverse mechanisms of resistance to cancer treatment. In turn, there has be...
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy is typically accelerated by upper respiratory tract infections and can relapse following vaccination. There have been reports of patients who presented with immunoglobulin A nephro...
Recombinant adenoviral vector vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been observed to be associated with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Though vaccine-induce...
Pancreatic fistula is the most problematic complication in pancreatectomy. Although drainage can be used to relieve this complication, pancreatic surgeons often encounter refractory pancreatic fistula. Fibrin ...
Ethanol dependence is associated with a discontinuation withdrawal delirium. Chlordiazepoxide is frequently successfully used in its treatment.
Waardenburg syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder with varying degrees of sensorineural hearing loss as well as abnormal pigmentation in hair, skin, and iris. There are four types of Waardenburg syndrome ...
The I-gel is a second-generation supraglottic airway device that is built with a noninflatable elliptical gel material cuff and has a wide semirigid stem. The I-gel supralaryngeal seal has shown promising effi...
Cerebral vein thrombosis is increasing in young adults. Although oral contraceptive pills increase the risk of cerebral vein thrombosis, relatively high brain venous involvement is rare when oral contraceptive...
Umbilical endometriosis is a rare entity accounting for 0.5–4% of cases with endometriosis.
Deep vein thrombosis with arteriovenous fistulas is rare, with few therapeutic options available for chronic-phase deep vein thrombosis. Moreover, the effectiveness of endovascular treatment for chronic-phase ...
Pulmonary actinomycosis is a chronic disease characterized by abscess formation, draining sinuses, fistulae, and tissue fibrosis. It can mimic other conditions, particularly malignant and granulomatous disease...
Hereditary folate malabsorption—a rare disorder caused by impairment of the folate transporter—can develop into severe folate deficiency manifesting as megaloblastic anemia and occasionally thrombocytopenia. R...
Mantle cell lymphoma is the rarest subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It can exhibit diverse extranodal manifestations. However, renal involvement is uncommon, and if it occurs, it usually only gets detected p...
The original article was published in Journal of Medical Case Reports 2022 16:220
Muscarinic agonists are indicated for the treatment of many conditions including ileus, urinary retention, glaucoma, and Sjögren’s syndrome. Due to their lack of tissue specificity, these drugs can lead to und...
Tumor lysis syndrome is an oncologic emergency that involves multiple metabolic abnormalities and clinical symptoms such as acute renal failure, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and multiorgan failure, and may b...
The original article was published in Journal of Medical Case Reports 2022 16:182
Complex regional pain syndrome is a chronic pain condition characterized by autonomic dysfunction, changes in sympathetic and vasomotor activity, and sensory and motor changes. Complex regional pain syndrome i...
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Journal of Medical Case Reports