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Cancer antigen 15-3 is a protein that clinicians commonly measure to monitor outcomes and response to treatment in patients with breast cancer. However, cancer antigen 15-3 can also be elevated in other, benig...
Tarlov’s cyst is often underdiagnosed since it is difficult to identify without imaging assistance. Herein, we report the case of a young girl who presented with an 8-year history of chronic osteomyelitis of b...
Otis urethrotomy can sometimes lead to troublesome bleeding after seemingly uneventful procedures. This case report highlights one such case which went unnoticed initially; the bleeding was erroneously ascribe...
Factor XII deficiency can be related to either homozygous or compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in the F12 gene. The disease is commonly known as Hageman trait and is inherited in both autosomal recessi...
Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis infections usually cause self-limited gastrointestinal diseases. Extra-abdominal infections are often secondary to bacteremia in immunocompromised individuals and are rel...
Splenic cysts are quite rare and asymptomatic. They may result from infection by a parasite, especially Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid cyst), or from non-parasitic causes. Since primary splenic cysts are not co...
Bacterial and fungal superinfections are commonly reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) as a rare and heritable disorder with the infrequent genetic transmission of the condition is a catastrophic disorder of heterotopic ossification (HO) and a cause of...
Situs inversus with levocardia is a rare anomaly in which the heart is present in the left chest but the abdominal viscera are transposed. It is caused by a single incomplete penetration of an autosomal recess...
Lower lip squamous cell carcinoma is a significant subtype of head and neck cancer, constituting about 25–30% of cases. Traditional surgical methods, like primary closure, have limitations in managing large re...
Superior vena cava syndrome is rarely attributed to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
This case study evaluates the diagnosis and treatment of a 12 year old Caucasian male gymnast who had several diagnoses including an isolated first rib fracture, resultant pseudoarthrosis of the first rib, and...
Sleep-related painful erections are characterized by deep penile pain that occurs during erections in the rapid eye movement stage of sleep.
Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease histologically defined by the non-caseation granulomas formation in different organs, most commonly lungs, liver, skin, gastrointestinal system, eyes, neurologic ...
Thoracic disc herniation is relatively uncommon, accounting for less than 1% of all spinal herniations. Although most often asymptomatic, they may represent a rare cause of spinal cord ischemia.
Epidermoid cysts are rare benign lesions that originate from remnants of ectodermal epithelial tissue, particularly infrequent in the pediatric population. They exhibit characteristic imaging features, with oc...
Hypospadias is one of the most prevalent urogenital malformations in clinic. However, some hypospadias may have a more complex disorder of sex development. Usually, hypospadias in these patients is severe. Amo...
Leptospirosis is known for its pulmonary form characterized by intra-alveolar hemorrhage, exhibiting a high mortality rate. Management by venous–venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been reported in ...
Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, -is an orthopoxvirus infection of the skin and previously a public health emergency of international concern. It reemerged in Nigeria over 5 years ago and has since spread ...
Caudal regression syndrome is a rare complex congenital anomaly with reduced penetrance and phenotypic variability characterized by osseous defects of the caudal spine, lower limb anomalies, and accompanying g...
The duodenal web is a thin, elongated, web-like structure that is one of the factors contributing to duodenal obstruction. Only 100 cases have been reported in the literature. We present a 2.5-year-old cachect...
The aim of this report is to highlight the importance of considering nephrotic syndrome as a potential underlying cause of bilateral central serous retinal detachment in a patient with systemic lupus erythemat...
Metformin is commonly used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its multiple advantages include low risk of hypoglycemia, weight neutrality, low cost, and cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effec...
Mirror dextrocardia (MDC) is a condition in which the heart is located in a mirror-image position on the right side of the chest compared to the normal position in individuals with physiological variations. Pa...
Lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy, also known as amyotrophy, is an uncommon monophasic disorder characterized by inflammation of the lumbosacral nerve roots and plexuses. Lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropa...
Pleomorphic liposarcoma is the rarest subtype of liposarcoma. Pleomorphic liposarcomas are generally unresponsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Moreover, metastasis in the liver, as the first and sole site...
Bacteremia caused by Serratia rubidaea is seldom mentioned in comparison with other Enterobacteriaceae species. It primarily affects immunocompromised patients undergoing invasive procedures. Furthermore, the inc...
Hemophilia is an X-linked, recessive inherited disease caused by a defect or deficiency of one of the coagulation factors (VIII or IX). It is considered a rare disease in females. One of the reasons that hemop...
SMARCB1, also known as INI1, is a member of a large protein complex involved in chromatin remodeling and thus the regulation of gene expression. It is located on chromosome 22q11.2. SMARCB1 tumors have been fo...
Undifferentiated carcinomas of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCPOGC) are rare pancreatic neoplasms that account for less than 1% of all pancreatic malignancies. This case report of a 54-year-o...
Secondary central nervous system lymphoma (SCNSL) is a known complication of immunocompromised patients with most cases involving the brain parenchyma. Reports of cauda equina syndrome (CES) caused by SCNSL ar...
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP), also known as pink tooth or Gunther disease, is a rare hereditary disorder caused by an enzyme mutation in the heme biosynthesis pathway, which leads to the accumulat...
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a genetic basis. Psoriasis is accepted as a systemic, immune-mediated disease. Hypertension, obesity, metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus and h...
Disparities in cardiovascular outcomes between Māori and non-Māori persist despite technological advances in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and improved service provision. Little is known about how so...
We present a case report of an immunocompetent host with presumed sexually transmitted cytomegalovirus proctitis and epididymitis, where there currently is a sparsity of published data.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The liver and lungs are the most common sites for infection. Infection of the intradural spine is ...
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disease that belongs to a group of disorders resulting from inborn errors of protein metabolism. It was the first disease included in neonatal screening. Neonata...
Tamoxifen is used in low dose concentrations (20–40 mg per day) as a therapy for breast cancer but is known to have ocular side effects. In this case report, the foveal cone integrity in a tamoxifen-treated pa...
Cervical epidural hematoma (CEH) is defined as a collection of blood in the suprameningeal space. Mechanisms of this rare pathology include spontaneous, postsurgical, and traumatic as the main subtypes. This u...
Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) is a well-established therapy for refractory neuropathic pain, known for its safety and minimally-invasive nature. However, complications, including surgical site infections (SSIs...
Gastro-pleural and gastro-cutaneous fistulae formation are rare yet life-threatening complications post-bariatric surgery. To our knowledge so far only limited cases of gastro-pleural and gastro-cutaneous fist...
Recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia may be caused by several factors, including drugs, critical illnesses, hormonal deficiency, non-islet cell tumor endogenous hyperinsulinism, and accidental, surreptitious, or...
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is an underdiagnosed complication in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, which results from weight loss-induced atrophy of the mesenteric fat pad, causing compression of t...
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). CTCL are an uncommon, heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) of T- and B-cell origin where the skin is the prima...
Alpha-1 antitrypsin, also known as alpha1 proteinase inhibitor, is a protein 90% synthesized by hepatocytes. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency should be suspected if patients have unexplained emphysema or liver d...
A limited number of studies have described thrombotic complications in pregnant women with COVID-19. Here we report on fatal pulmonary embolism in a pregnant woman with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The original article was published in Journal of Medical Case Reports 2023 17:434
Mitral leaflet perforation (MLP) can rarely be a consequence of aortic valve replacement (AVR), resulting in mitral regurgitation (MR). Determining the cause and severity of MLP following AVR is crucial in pre...
The incidence of congenital complete atrioventricular block is estimated to be 1 per 20,000 deliveries. In the fetal period, the fetal mortality rate is high, but the treatment strategy has not yet been establ...
The original article was published in Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011 5:318
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