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Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by uterus didelphys, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The most common presentation is abdominal pain, dysmenor...
Brugmansia suaveolens is the commonest species under the Solanacea (“Angels Trumpet” in English; “Attana” in Sinhalese) plant family in Sri Lanka. It contains alkaloids like scopolamine, atropine and hyoscyamine ...
Infertility continues to be an enigmatic and emerging problem. Although in vitro fertilization has proved to be revolutionary and immensely beneficial to many people, it is far from perfect, and many women experi...
Extrahepatic bile duct duplication is an extremely rare congenital anomaly in which two common bile ducts exist. There are five different types of this anomaly and we present an unusual variant of duplication ...
Papillary squamotransitional cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a rare neoplasm, a subtype of transitional cervical carcinoma that appears to be a variation of squamous cervical carcinoma. It has a dispos...
Ralstonia mannitolilytica is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that is associated with severe disease, including septic shock, meningitis, and renal transplant infections. Reports on this pathogen are limited, h...
Pneumocephalus and pneumorachis, presence of air inside the skull and spinal canal, are mostly seen after neurosurgical procedures and neuraxial anesthesia. They have also been described after penetrating trau...
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has changed the standard drug therapy for relapsed or advanced non-small cell lung cancer; its efficacy is well-recognized by pulmonary physicians, oncologists, and thoracic...
Chronic total occlusion revascularization remains a challenging problem because of its complexity. We present a case of a patient with chronic total occlusion who was successfully revascularized with the use o...
To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for malignant transformation of ovarian endometrioma during dienogest therapy, which is very rare, we examined multiple cases of malignant transformation of ovar...
Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness, and mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes are examples of mitochondrial diseases that are relatively common in the adult ...
Thrombosis of the superior vena cava with propagation to the right heart chambers can be seen in the presence of chronic indwelling catheters. Moreover, the idiopathic right atrial thrombi may become entrapped...
Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroxine and is the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism. It is a prohormone with minimal intrinsic activity. The drug is de-iodinated in peripheral tissue to form triiodothyron...
Sclerosing peritonitis or abdominal cocoon syndrome is characterized by small bowel loops completely encapsulated by a fibrocollagenous membrane in the center of the abdomen. Although cocooning of the abdomen ...
The association of macrophage activation syndrome and primary Sjögren’s syndrome has been rarely reported in the literature. We report the first observation of this association in Africa, south of the Sahara, ...
Although epithelioid hemangiomas involving bone have been described in previous case reports and case series, the effects of radiation therapy on vertebral epithelioid hemangioma has not been fully reported. H...
A coronary cameral fistula is a rare connection between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber or vein bypassing the cardiac capillary bed system. Most of these fistulae are congenital and solitary, although ...
Delirium tremens is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Literature documenting acute coronary events in the setting of alcohol withdrawal remains scarce. An accepted hypothesis for the underlying pro...
Hypercalcemia and aplastic anemia are two uncommon presentations of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that potentially worsen the disease prognosis. Although hypercalcemia has been reported in the B-cell subtypes and some ...
Increased smartphone use among minors makes our population more prone to electrical injury. Despite regulations on electrical home safety standards, smartphones and chargers still pose a risk for severe injury...
Typhoid fever is a human-specific disease caused by a bacterium, Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi. It is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food or water. It is mostly diagnosed by...
Torque teno virus-induced aseptic meningitis has not been documented, although torque teno virus infections still remain under consideration for etiological agents. This study identified a torque teno virus se...
Primary effusion lymphoma is a rare, high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that usually occurs in immunosuppressed or human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals in advanced stages of the disease. However, p...
Although several cases of hepatitis B virus reactivation have been described in patients with a history of hepatitis B virus infection while undergoing treatment for hepatitis C virus infection with direct act...
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is characterized by partial (segmental) sclerotic lesions in some glomeruli (focal). Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is generally considered resistant to steroid t...
A unicuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality. Despite its uncommon finding on an initial presentation, aortic insufficiency is accompanied with unicuspid aortic valve and this might reflec...
According to experimental and clinical published studies, patients with keratoconus have a genetic predisposition to corneal ectasia; however, ectasia might not be activated or reactivated unless an additional...
A traumatic bone cyst is an uncommon nonneoplastic lesion of the jaws that is considered as a “pseudocyst” because of the lack of an epithelial lining. This lesion is particularly asymptomatic and therefore is...
Ocular cysticercosis is a disease which rarely involves cutaneous skin and the optic nerve. Patients with clinical presentation of subcutaneous nodules and papilledema should always be evaluated for cysticerco...
Surgical reconstruction of large soft tissue defects of the upper back is challenging. Although the usefulness of free perforator flaps has been demonstrated, local options remain limited. The dorsal intercost...
A hip joint ganglion is a rare cause of lower-extremity swelling.
Subpulmonic membrane as a cause of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in patients with concordant ventriculoarterial connection and intact ventricular septum is considered to be rare. Association with...
Human bocavirus 1 is a commonly detected human parvovirus. Many studies have shown human bocavirus 1 as a pathogen in association with acute respiratory tract infections in children. However, because human boc...
Osteoporosis is a serious disease that causes bone fragility fractures and increases mortality. Bisphosphonates are the first-line drugs for osteoporosis. However, the gains in bone mineral density by use of b...
Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment of Munchausen syndrome is important not only for the patient but also for health care workers because a delay in diagnosis can worsen patients’ clinical outcomes, and ...
Generally, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome develops after superovulation caused by ovulation-inducing drugs in infertile patients. However, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome associated with natural pregnancy...
Temporal artery biopsy is essential for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. It has been shown that 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography, magnetic resonance angiography, and u...
Neuroblastoma is an embryonal malignancy of the autonomic nervous system and is the most common extracranial tumor of early childhood. However, neuroblastoma in adults is rare with an overall incidence of 1 in...
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is a common disorder occurring in young adults without underlying lung disease. Although tobacco smoking is a well-documented risk factor for spontaneous pneumothorax, an assoc...
A pseudoaneurysm is a rare but serious complication after transradial coronary catheterization. Although different treatment modalities have been proposed to treat post-catheterization pseudoaneurysm, only lim...
NUT midline carcinoma is a rare and aggressive subset of squamous cell carcinoma, which is characterized by the translocation of nuclear protein in testis gene that is mostly fused with bromodomain and extrate...
Primary sarcoma of the breast is rare. Surgery has been the only curative treatment available. Recently, neoadjuvant chemotherapy including anthracycline/ifosfamide has been reported effective for patients wit...
Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence is increasing in Sri Lanka, especially among the young population. Uncommon presentations of this common illness make diagnostic dilemmas and can delay stand...
Renal involvement in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is uncommon. The mechanism of kidney damage can be explained as occurring via two distinct pathways: (1) thromboembolic ischemic changes secondary to ...
Familial glucocorticoid deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by isolated glucocorticoid deficiency. Most patients are diagnosed following episodes of hypoglycemia or convulsion. We r...
Eosinophilic esophagitis, once considered a rare disorder, has been increasingly recognized as a leading cause of dysphagia and food impaction in children and adults over the last few decades. It predominantly...
Late cardiovascular disease-related adverse events are one of the most common causes of premature mortality among long-term survivors of childhood cancer. As it is difficult to reduce the heart dose with tradi...
Leprosy is a disease that was declared eliminated in 2010 from Nepal; however, new cases are diagnosed every year. The difficulty arises when the presentation of the patient is unusual.
Berlin Heart EXCOR® pediatric ventricular assist device is a mechanical circulatory support device currently used in pediatric patients. Sotos syndrome is a well-described multiple anomaly syndrome characteriz...
Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome most often resolves spontaneously without complications; however, choroidal neovascularization can sometimes occur.
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Journal of Medical Case Reports