Table 2 The mechanical stimulation and electrical stimulation

Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC)

The balloons enveloped both lower limbs in a distal to proximal mode with an intensity of 8 kPa and a duration of 20 minutes, using the compression device (LGT-2200WM, Longest Science & Technology Co., Guangzhou)

Pharmacological prophylaxis combined with IPC can reduce the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) more significantly than alone [26]. IPC is frequently applied in the management of lymphedema for complex decongestive therapy (CDT), which is particularly beneficial to those with compromised mobility [27]

Graduated compression stockings (GCS)

Wore for about 8 hours every day and took off when she fell asleep at night

GCS demonstrate the ability to reduce edema; moreover, GCS combined with low molecular weight heparin can significantly weaken the formation of venous thrombosis [12, 13]

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)

Two pairs of electrodes were placed on the adductor muscle of the right lower extremity for 20 minutes a day, using a neuromuscular electrical stimulator (Hwato SDZ-III, Suzhou JSF Trading Co., Ltd., Jiangsu)

Studies have shown that NMES improved muscle strength, increased range of motion, reduced edema, reduced atrophy, healed tissue, and relieved pain [28]