Table 1 Review of literature regarding SCC malignant transformation in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary
Age | Presentation | Current menstrual status | Treatment/management | Follow-up | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
62 years | • Progressive distension of the abdomen | Menopausal for the last 20 years | • Exploratory laparotomy • Total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) • Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) • Intact capsule and infracolic omentectomy | She did not consent to receive adjuvant chemotherapy On follow-ups at 3, 6, and 12 months, she remained symptom-free with normal tumor markers and normal imaging tests | [8] |
40 years | • Worsening lower abdominal pain • Palpable abdominal mass | She had not been having menstrual periods for almost 4 months | • BSO • The patient was referred to a gynecology oncology center | The patient passed away 4 months after surgery | [5] |
65 years | • Severe abdominal pain • A mass detected in the LLQ of the abdomen | Menopausal for the last 15 years | • Exploratory laparotomy • Left unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy • Resection of the mass • She did not consent to radical surgery • The adjuvant chemotherapy was performed with a carboplatin regimen | At a 6-month follow-up after chemotherapy, laboratory and imaging tests were normal and the patient remained symptom free | [22] |
73 years | • Acute abdominopelvic pain | Menopausal for the last 23 years | • Exploratory laparotomy • Left ovariectomy • TAH • BSO • Infracolic omentectomy • Pelvic and para-aortic node dissection • Peritoneal washing | Follow-up visits were performed every 6 months for the first 3 years and subsequently yearly. The patient died of myocardial infarction on 10 May 2021 | [23] |
55 years | • Lower abdominal pain • Nausea and vomiting | Not mentioned | • Exploratory laparotomy • Total abdominal uterus • Bilateral appendages • Omentectomy | She underwent four combined chemotherapy treatments of docetaxel and carboplatin, and no tumor recurrence and metastasis were seen | [24] |
47 years | • Deteriorating abdominal distention • Increasing pain | Not mentioned | • Emergency laparoscopy • Left salpingo-oophorectomy | Full recovery without complications | [25] |
63 years | • Lower abdominal discomfort | Not mentioned | • Laparoscopic hysterectomy • BSO • Omentectomy • Pelvic lymph node dissection • Three cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy | Patient experienced two recurrences treated with external beam radiation therapy and cycles of cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil adjuvant chemotherapy There has been no evidence of tumor recurrence | [26] |
36 years | • Short-term progressive abdominal distension • Self-touching abdominal mass | Normal menstruation | • Transabdominal excision of left ovarian cyst • TAH • Bilateral adnexectomy and pelvic lymphotomy | The combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy was administered every 3 weeks, and no signs of recurrence were found after follow-up | [27] |
36 years | • Routine annual follow-up examinations | Normal menstruation | • Cervical cancer screening • Exploratory laparotomy • TAH • Bilateral adnexectomy • Pelvic lymph node dissection • Omentectomy • Lysis of abdominal adhesions | Not mentioned | [28] |
46 years | • Abdominal distension • Menorrhagia | Not mentioned | • Exploratory laparotomy • TAH • Bilateral pelvic and paraaortic lymph node dissection • Omentectomy • Six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy treatment (carboplatin–paclitaxel combination) | Post-treatment follow-up continues in remission | [29] |
29 years | • Right lower abdominal pain • Bloating • Occasional nausea and vomiting | Normal menstruation | • Laparoscopic bilateral ovarian cystectomy • Exploratory laparotomy • Lysis of adhesions • Right salpingo-oophorectomy • Right pelvic lymphadenectomy • Omentectomy • Ileocecectomy with ileocolonic anastomosis • Radical resection of retroperitoneal tumor • Chemotherapy • Palliative external beam radiation | The patient died nine months after her initial diagnosis | [30] |
73 years | • Low abdominal pain | Post menopause | • Exploratory laparotomy • TAH • BSO • Partial omentectomy • Interval debulking surgery • Chemotherapy | 12 months after interval debulking surgery, no recurrence has been observed | [31] |
41 years | • Lower abdominal pain • Nausea and vomiting • Fatigue | Normal Menstruation | • Exploratory laparotomy • Modified radical hysterectomy • BSO • Omentectomy • Resection of abdominal wall mass • Left pelvic lymph node dissection • Resection of left infundibulopelvic ligament • Radical tumor debulking • Six cycles of systemic chemotherapy | The patient remained on therapy, completing 25 cycles over 18 months of continuous treatment. The patient tolerated the treatment very well and resumed normal activities of daily living without assistance | [32] |
38 years | • Annual medical examination | Normal menstruation | • TAH • BSO • Omentectomy • Appendectomy • Pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection | The patient is recovering well and is continuing chemotherapy as planned | [33] |
65 years | • Intermittent lower abdominal pain for 6 months | Post menopause | • TAH • BSO | The patient did not receive any adjuvant chemotherapy and was followed up with clinical examination for 1 year, and there was no evidence of any relapse clinically | [34] |