Table 1 Laboratory findings of the three cases
Variable | Patient values on admission | Reference range* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | ||
Blood | ||||
White cell count (× 109/L) | 11.3 | 4.54 | 5.15 | 3.92–10.40 |
Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.2 | 12.2 | 11.5 | 13.0–17.0 |
Mean corpuscular volume (fL) | 90.3 | 88.5 | 90.4 | 83.1–101.6 |
Platelets (× 109/L) | 264 | 248 | 128 | 171–388 |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 132 | 139 | 140 | 136–145 |
Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.6 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 3.5–5.1 |
Urea (mmol/L) | 2.0 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 2.1–7.1 |
Creatinine (µmol/L) | 46 | 63 | 55 | 64–104 |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.31 | 2.09 | 2.25 | 2.15–2.50 |
Magnesium (mmol/L) | 0.76 | 0.82 | 0.59 | 0.63–1.05 |
Inorganic phosphate (mmol/L)) | 1.12 | 1.35 | 0.99 | 0.78–1.42 |
Albumin (g/L) | 38 | 34 | 38 | 35–52 |
C-Reactive Protein (mg/L) | 12 | 4 | < 10 | |
Vitamin B12 (pmol/L) | 778 | 284 | 367 | 145–569 |
TSH (mIU/L) | 1.63 | Not done | 0.27–4.20 | |
Cryptococcal Antigen (LFA) | Negative | Not done | Negative | |
Treponema pallidum antibodies | Non-reactive | Non-reactive | Non-reactive | |
HIV test (ELISA) | Positive | Positive | Positive | |
Absolute CD4 count (cells/µL) | 18 | 334 | 2 | 332—1642 |
AQP4* IgG antibodies | Negative | Negative | Negative | |
MOG IgG antibodies* | Positive (1:100) | Positive (1:10) | Positive (1:10) | |
Toxoplasma gondii serology | Done | Not done | Negative | |
IgG | Positive | |||
IgM | Negative | |||
Avidity index | 95% | |||
Hepatitis B & C | Negative | Negative | Negative | |
Anti-nuclear antibodies | Negative | Not done | Negative | |
Anti-double strand DNA antibodies | – | – | Negative | |
Rheumatoid factor IU/mL | – | Negative | < 10 | < 14 |
Antiphospholipid antibodies | – | – | Negative | |
Anti-SS-A (Ro) & Anti-SS-B (La) antibodies | – | – | Negative | |
Cerebrospinal fluid | ||||
Glucose (mmol/L) | Not done | 2.2 (serum 4.9) | 6.4 | 2.7–4.4 |
Protein (g/L) | 0.89 | 1.93 | 0.39 | 0.15–0.45 |
WBC (cells/µL) | < 5 | |||
Polymorphs (cells/µL) | 0 | 6 | 0 | |
Lymphocytes (cells/µL) | 16 | 13 | 0 | |
Erythrocytes (cells/µL) | 0 | 4 | 0 | |
IgG index | – | 0.94 | – | |
Gram stain | No organisms | No organisms | ||
Viral panel | Negative | Negative | IgG positive for Epstein-barr virus and Varicella Zoster virus) – Viral load not available | |
Cryptococcal antigen test | Negative | Negative | Negative | |
Treponema antibodies | negative | Negative | Negative | |
Xpert MTB/Rif | MTB not detected | MTB not detected | MTB not detected | |
Sputum | ||||
Xpert MTB/Rif ultra | Not detected | Not detected | Not detected | |
Auranine O stain | Negative | – | Negative | |
MTB culture (after 35 days) | Negative | Negative | Negative | |