Table 2 Summarized of the evidence finded in cases of N₂O intoxication

Crime scene investigation

Presence of N₂O cylinder on site connected to a tube, or whipped canister, or plastic bag. Anamnesis of recent anasthesia

Autoptic examination

Cyanosis, conjunctival petechiae, visceral congestion, and pulmonary edema. Exclusion of traumatic lesions

Histological examination

Cerebral edema, widespread stasis, contraction bands in the myocardium. Exclusion of hemorrhage or other traumatic evidence

Immunohistochemical examination

Positivity of ischemia–reperfusion markers indicative of hypoxia

Toxicological examination

Finding of N₂O in blood and urine. Exclusion of other cause of intoxication (alcohol, drugs, etc.)