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Table 2 Common causes for provoked and unprovoked seizures in the elderly [9]

From: Seizures provoked by over-the-counter cough and cold medications in an elderly patient: a case report

Causes of provoked seizures

Relative proportion (%)

Acute stroke

50%

Metabolic derangement

6–30%

Secondary to medications/alcohol

10%

Others (intracranial hemorrhage, intracranial infection, and so on)

5–20%

Causes of unprovoked seizures

Relative proportion (%)

Cerebrovascular disease

30–50%

Dementia

9–17%

Others (previous head injury or infection, brain tumor, and so on)

5–15%

Unknown

30–50%

  1. Reference: Shih T. Seizures and epilepsy in older adults: Etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis [Internet]. Schachter S, Schmader K, Dashe J, editors. UpToDate. 2021 [cited 2023Mar7]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/ [9]