Table 3 Literature cases of pediatric CCSK with inferior vena cava thrombus
From: Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney with inferior vena cava thrombus: a case report
Stage of CCSK | Description | Treatment |
|---|---|---|
Stage I (27%) | The tumor is limited to the kidney, being less than 7 cm with an intact capsule and no evidence of rupture The vessels of the renal sinus are not involved | Complete resection |
Stage II (33%) | The tumor extends beyond the kidney, measured as more than 7 cm with regional extension of the tumor; blood vessels outside the renal parenchyma (including those of the renal sinus) may contain tumor | Complete resection |
Stage III (34%) | The tumor is found within the kidney parenchyma or blood vessels, and in surrounding lymph nodes and fatty tissue. Gross or microscopic evidence of the tumor is present after resection | Incomplete resection |
Stage IV (6%) | Tumor spread beyond the kidney with hematogenous metastases (lung, liver, bone, brain) or lymph node metastases extending beyond of the abdominopelvic region | Incomplete resection |
Stage V | Bilateral renal involvement discovered at diagnosis | Resection not possible |