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Table 1 Risk stratification for metastatic seminoma and non-seminoma

From: Exogenous estrogen therapy, testicular cancer, and the male to female transgender population: a case report

Risk stratification Seminoma Non-seminoma
Good Any hCG AFP < 1000 ng/ml
hCG < 5000 mU/ml
LDH < 1.5 × ULN
Any LDH Non-pulmonary visceral metastases absent
Gonadal or retroperitoneal primary tumor
Intermediate Any hCG AFP 1000–10,000 ng/ml
Any LDH hCG 5000–50,000 mU/ml
LDH 1.5–10 × ULN
Any primary site Non-pulmonary visceral metastases absent
Non-pulmonary visceral metastases absent
Gonadal or retroperitoneal primary tumor
Poor None AFP > 10,000 ng/ml
hCG > 50,000 mU/ml
LDH > 10 × ULN
Mediastinal primary site
Non-pulmonary visceral metastases present
  1. AFP alpha fetoprotein, hCG human chorionic gonadotrophin, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, ULN upper limit of normal (adopted from the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group risk classification for metastatic disease [4])
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