Table 1 Causes of granulomatous and/or necrotizing lymphadenitis, with or without suppuration
Viruses | Bacteria | Fungal |
|---|---|---|
EBV CMV HBV HCV HSV adenovirus HIV | Yersinia, Bartonella Tropheryma whipplei Francisella tularensis Brucella Spirochaetes Treponema pallidum Chlamydia Lymphogranuloma venereum Rickettsia Coxiella burnetii Mycobacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis Atypical mycobacterial infection Mycobacterium leprae | Histoplasmosis Aspergillosis Coccidioidomycosis Cryptococcosis |
Parasite | Neoplastic | Autoimmune |
Toxoplasmosis Leishmaniasis | Hodgkin disease Non-Hodgkin disease, metastatic carcinoma Langerhans cell histiocytosis Seminoma Dysgerminoma | Systemic lupus erythematosus Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Churg–Strauss syndrome Celiac disease, Crohn’s disease Primary biliary cirrhosis, Kawasaki disease |
Autoinflammatory and idiopathic | ||
Necrotic sarcoid granulomatosis Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease Familial Mediterranean fever Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome PFAPA syndrome | ||