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Table 2 Selection of clinically asymptomatic cases of calcaneus secundarius as described in the literature

From: Calcaneus secundarius – a relevant differential diagnosis in ankle pain: a case report and review of the literature

Author(s), year of publication and Reference number

Size (length/width/height)

Identification

 

[mm]

 

Stieda, 1869 [9]

3 cases, maximum size 15/8/5

Anatomical

Gruber, 1871 [15]

12/9/7

Anatomical

Pfitzner and Schwalbe, 1892 [6]

5 cases, maximum size 15/8/5

Anatomical

Laidlaw, 1905 [18]

3 cases, maximum 16.5/6.5/6.0

Anatomical

Mercer, 1931 [20]

4 cases, two maximum side lengths of a pyramid 20/13

Anatomical