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Table 1 Literature review of reported cases of idiopathic ovarian vein thrombosis

From: Choosing safe and effective anticoagulation to treat idiopathic ovarian vein thrombosis: using first principles of deep vein thrombosis management to treat a rare diagnosis: a case report and review of the literature

Author and Year

Age

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Management

Al-Shokri et al. 2021 [6]

32F

Chronic abdominal pain

Abdominal and pelvic gadolinium enhanced MRI

Warfarin for 6 months with resolution of symptoms

Alalqam et al.2019 [7]

42F

Left iliac fossa and periumbilical pain–tender on examination

Abdominal doppler, confirmed by CT

Warfarin for 6 months

Doppler 1 year post showed resolution of thrombus

Basit et al. 2020 [8]

41F

Sharp bilateral iliac fossa pain radiating to pubic symphysis. Associated nausea and constipation

Abdominal and pelvic CT with IV and PO contrast

LMWH switched to apixaban for 6 months. Symptomatic improvement on day 3

Christy et al. 2021 [9]

30F

Bilateral lower pelvic pain and nausea

Abdominal and pelvic CT

Anticoagulation and repeat imaging in 40–60 days

Doherty et al. 2015 [10]

29F

Left lower quadrant pain for 8 months

Abdominal USS

Warfarin for 6 weeks. Doppler 2 months post showed resolution of thrombus

Garcia 2017 [11]

35F

Left flank pain for 2 days

Abdominal and pelvic CT with IV contrast

Rivaroxaban with resolution of symptoms by week 3. Repeat USS at week 6 and 12 demonstrated recanalization

Harris et al. 2012 [12]

53F

Right flank pain for 1 week

Abdominal and pelvic CT with IV contrast

Warfarin for 5 months with INR between 2 and 3. CT follow up at 5 months showed persistent thrombus with no extension. Warfarin subsequently discontinued

Heavrin 2008 [13]

29F

Left lower quadrant abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting for 3 days

Abdominal and pelvic CT with contrast

Anticoagulation for 6 months. No complications at 18 months follow up

Khishfe et al. 2016 [14]

30-39F

Colicky groin pain with associated nausea and point tenderness

Abdominal and pelvic CT (looking for nephrolithiasis)

Warfarin (Coumadin) and oral antibiotics

Kodali et al. 2016 [15]

40F

Right lower quadrant pain associated with nausea

Abdominal and pelvic CT (looking for appendicitis)

LMWH followed by warfarin (INR 2–3) for 6 months with symptomatic improvement by day 2

Li et al. 2021 [16]

33F

Acute on chronic right lower quadrant pain for 2 years

Laparotomy

Thrombus removed at surgery, commenced rivaroxaban for 3 months

Markus et al. 2022 [17]

27F

Left lower quadrant pain for 1 week associated with nausea

Laparoscopy followed by abdominopelvic CT and MRI

Apixaban for 3 months with symptomatic improvement after 24 h

Murphy et al. 2006 [18]

27F

Right lower quadrant pain radiating to right flank associated with anorexia and nausea

Abdominal and pelvic CT

Anticoagulation–unspecified

Stafford et al. 2010 [19]

42F

Sudden onset central abdominal and right iliac fossa pain associated with nausea

Abdominal and pelvic CT

Unfractionated heparin followed by warfarin on discharge, 2-month USS showed complete resolution

Tahir et al. 2021 [20]

42F

Severe sharp throbbing abdominal pain for 4 days associated with eating

Abdominal and pelvic CT

LMWH with rivaroxaban on discharge

Takazawa et al. 2022[21]

63F

Mild lower abdominal pain for 4 weeks

Abdominal and pelvic CT

Rivaroxaban for 8 months with improvement of symptoms after 1 month

Trang et al. 2020 [22]

47F

Non-specific back pain radiating to anterior abdomen associated with left lower quadrant pain

Abdominal and pelvic CT with IV contrast

LMWH with improvement in 24 h, discharged with rivaroxaban for 3 months. Follow up CTAP at 2 months showed complete resolution of thrombus

Yıldırım et al. 2005 [23]

36F

Nausea and abdominal pain for 2 days

Abdominal USS followed by abdominal and pelvic CT

Unfractionated heparin with warfarin with symptomatic improvement. Follow up CT on day 40 showed a persistent thrombus

  1. CT computer tomography; MRI magnetic resonance imaging; LMWH low molecular weight heparin; USS ultrasound; INR international noramlised ratio; CTAP computer tomography abdomen pelvis; PO per oral; IV intravenous