Table 2 Diagnosis and key diagnostic points

Exhibitionism

A recurrent urge to show one’s genitals to a stranger or an unknowing person whereby, in anticipation of the exposure, sexual excitement occurs [12]

Voyeurism

Scopophilia, or “peeping tom,”—is the recurrent preoccupation with fantasies and behaviors involving the observation of unsuspecting persons while naked or engaged in grooming or sexual activity [12]

Frotteurism

Characterized by a man’s rubbing his penis or hands against the body parts of a fully clothed woman to experience orgasm [12]

Compulsive sexual behaviors disorder (CSBD)

An impulse control disorder is characterized by a persistent pattern of failure to control intense, repetitive sexual urges and behaviors where an individual [13]:

(1) devotes excessive time to sexual activities to the point of neglecting health,

personal care, interests, and responsibilities

(2) experiences diminished control

manifest by multiple unsuccessful efforts to reduce sexual behaviors

(3) continues sexual activity despite adverse consequences

(4) continues engagement in sexual behaviors even when little or no satisfaction is derived

(5) experiences significant distress or impairment across life domains or important areas of functioning