Table 4 Literature review
Study | Imaging finding | HAV serology | INR | Albumin (g/dl) | Total/direct bilirubin (mg/dl) | Pleural fluid analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Saha [15] | USG: bilateral pleural effusion, ascites CXR: left-sided pleural effusion | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 2.9 | 5.6/5 | NA |
Roy [16] Case 1 | USG: hepatomegaly, ascites, bilateral pleural effusion CXR: bilateral pleural effusion (right > left) | Serum and pleural fluid anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 3.4 | 2.6/1.4 | Total cell count 1500, glucose 99 mg/dl and protein 4.1 g/dl, negative culture |
Roy [16] Case 2 | USG: hepatomegaly, ascites, bilateral pleural effusion CXR: bilateral pleural effusion (right > left) | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 3.2 | 6.2/6.2 | NA |
Owen [17] | CXR: right pleural effusion | NA | N/A | N/A | N/A | NA |
Dalai et al. [14] | USG: right-sided pleural effusion, ascites, hepatomegaly | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | 2 | N/A | 3.5/1.5 | NA |
Nagarajan et al. [17] Case 1 | USG: hepatomegaly, ascites, bilateral pleural effusion CXR: bilateral pleural effusion (right > left) | Serum and pleural fluid anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 2.5 | 5.4/4.8 | Total cell count 0, protein 20 g/dl |
Nagarajan et al. [17] case 2 | USG: hepatomegaly, bilateral pleural effusion, ascites CXR: bilateral pleural effusion | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 3.2 | 6.9/5.9 | NA |
Allen et al. [18] | USG: ascites, diffuse gallbladder wall thickening CT: ascites, right-side pleural effusion, gallbladder wall thickening | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 3.6 | 6/2.4 | NA |
Selimoğlu et al. [19] | USG: hepatomegaly CXR: right lower lung consolidation | Serum and pleural fluid anti-HAV IgM positive | 1.25 | 3.5 | 6/3.5 | Total cell count 0, glucose 70 mg/dl and protein 4.5 g/dl, negative culture |
Mehta et al. [13] | CXR: right-side pleural effusion | Serum and pleural fluid anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 2.8 | 5.3/5.2 | Total cell count 18200, glucose 94 mg/dl and protein 7.7 g/dl, negative culture |
Alhan et al. [14] | USG: hepatomegaly, right-side pleural effusion | Serum and pleural fluid anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 4.0 | 3.9/2.6 | Total cell count 0, transudate |
Erdem et al. [20] | USG: ascites, right-side pleural effusion, thickened gallbladder wall; CXR: right-sided pleural effusion | Serum and pleural fluid anti-HAV IgM, positive | 1.1 | 1.9 | 6.3/5.6 | Total cell count 0, transudate |
Ghosh and Kundu [12] | CXR: middle and lower zones of left lung opacity MRI: pleural effusion, hepatosplenomegaly, thickened gallbladder wall | Serum and pleural fluid anti-HAV IgM positive | 1.9 | N/A | 5.6/5.5 | Exudative pleural effusion |
Gürkan et al. [10] | USG: ascites CXR: bilateral pleural effusion | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 3.6 | 6/2.5 | NA |
Kaman et al. [10] | USG: ascites, pleural effusion CXR: right-side pleural effusion | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | 2.5 | 6.6/4.8 | Glucose 90 mg/dl, negative culture |
Vaidya et al. [21] | USG: ascites, hepatomegaly, bilateral pleural effusion CXR: left-side pleural effusion | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | 1.1 | 4 | 5.2/4.2 | NA |
Bukulmez et al. [22] | USG: hepatomegaly, right-side pleural effusion CT: right pleural effusion | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | 1 | 3.3 | 8.2/6.7 | NA |
Dhakal et al. [5] | USG: ascites, bilateral pleural effusion CXR: right-side pleural effusion | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | N/A | N/A | 5.8/4.5 | NA |
Hadgu et al. [24] | USG: mild ascites, hepatosplenomegaly, and small bilateral pleural effusion | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | 1.5 | 3.8 | 1.5/0.5 | No cells, lactic acid dehydrogenase 15 IU/l, negative TB, negative bacterial culture |
Iza et al. [25] | USG: right pleural effusion, ascites and acalculous cholecystitis | Serum anti-HAV IgM positive | Normal | 3.5 | 2.6/2.5 | N/A |