Table 1 Initial blood sample in the emergency department

Blood chemistry tests

 Glucose

8.4

mmol/L

4.1–5.9

Above high normal

 Sodium

137

mmol/L

135–145

Normal

 Potassium

4.4

mmol/L

3.5–5

Normal

 Chlorine

98

mmol/L

98–108

Normal

 Bicarbonate

27

mmol/L

24–32

Normal

 Calcium

2.58

mmol/L

2.18–2.6

Normal

 Phosphorus

1.38

mmol/L

0.78–1.45

Normal

 Anion gap

16

mmol/L

–

 Plasma proteins

74

g/L

57–82

Normal

 Creatinine

139

µmol/L

44–71

Above high normal

 Urea

8.7

mmol/L

3.2–8.2

Above high normal

 Creatinine clearance (MDRD equation)

33

mL/min

> 90

Below low normal

 Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

96

U/L

13–40

Above high normal

 Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

122

U/L

< 40

Above high normal

 Total bilirubin

42

µmol/L

5–21

Above high normal

 Indirect bilirubin

21

µmol/L

< 18

Above high normal

 Alkaline phosphatase

217

U/L

46–116

Above high normal

 Gamma-glutamyl transferase

203

U/L

< 38

Above high normal

 Lipase

24

U/L

12–53

Normal

 CRP (C-reactive protein)

199.4

mg/L

< 5

Above high normal

 Procalcitonin

0.56

µg/L

Complete blood count (CBC)

 White blood cells

24.0

10³/mm³

4–10

Above high normal

 Red blood cells

4.43

10⁶/mm³

3.8–5.2

Normal

 Hemoglobin

14.9

g/dL

11.5–16

Normal

 Hematocrit

40.8

%

35–45

Normal

 Mean blood volume

92.1

µL³

80–100

Normal

 Mean blood content

30.0

pg

27–32

Normal

 Blood Hb concentration

32.6

%

32–36.5

Normal

 Platelets

195

10³/mm³

150–400

Normal

 Formula: neutrophils

90.1%, 21.6 × 10³/mm³

–

–

 Formula: eosinophilic polynuclears

0.0%, 0.0 × 10³/mm³

–

–

 Formula: basophilic polynuclears

0.2%, 0.0 × 10³/mm³

–

–

 Formula: lymphocytes

3.8%, 0.9 × 10³/mm³

–

–

 Formula: monocytes

5.9%, 1.4 × 10³/mm³

–

–

 Blood clotting tests

 PT: control

11.7

Seconds

–

 PT: patient

13.1

Seconds

–

 PT: prothrombin rate

80

%

70–100

Normal

 INR

1.11

–

–

 aPTT (control)

24.4

Seconds

–

 aPTT (sick)

23.6

Seconds

–

 aPTT (ratio)

0.97

Null

≤ 1.2

Normal

Arterial blood gas

 pH

7.426

Null

7.38–7.42

Above high normal

 PaO₂

76.0

mmHg

80–100

Below low normal

 PaCO₂

39.2

mmHg

38–42

Normal

 HCO₃

26.5

mmol/L

21–28

Normal

 Base excess/deficit

1.4

mmol/L

–

 SaO₂

94.0

%

95–99

Below low normal

 Arterial lactates

1.90

mmol/L

< 1.6

Above high normal