Table 1 Summary of grading system for penile incarceration [6, 11]
Grade | Penile injury grading system by Bhat et al. | Grading system by Silberstein et al. |
|---|---|---|
Grade 1 | Edema of distal penis. No evidence of skin ulceration or urethral injury | Low-grade injury |
Grade 2 | Distal edema, skin, and urethral trauma, corpus spongiosum compression, and decreased penile sensation | |
Grade 3 | Skin and urethral trauma, no distal sensation | |
Grade 4 | Separation of corpus spongiosum, urethral fistula, corpus cavarnosum compression, no distal sensation | High-grade injury |
Grade 5 | Gangrene, necrosis, or complete amputation of distal penis |