Table 2 Summary of relevant investigations for cause of diarrhea
From: Life-threatening diarrhea in neuroendocrine tumors: two case reports
Investigation | Result | |
|---|---|---|
Serum hormonal levels | Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) (0.0–50.0 pmol/L) Glucagon (50–150 pg/mL) Chromogranin A (< 85 ng/mL) | 34–initial 408.9–progress 118 19 |
Urine testing | Urine 5-HIAA (0-40 µmol/24 hours) | 21 |
Pathology | Full blood count, liver function tests, B12, thyroid function, folate, vitamin D, celiac serology, calcium | No significant abnormalities |
Fecal analysis | Culture and sensitivity, calprotectin, chymotrypsin | No significant findings |
Anatomical defects | Colonoscopy | Only mild colonic inflammation |