Table 1 Neurocognitive features of disrupted interhemispheric connectivity in patients with corpus callosotomy and isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum
Region of the CC | Nerve-fiber tracts | Clinical features in patients with postnatal non-congenital CC lesions (References [11,12,13]) | Neurocognitive testinga (Reference [14]) | Cognitive deficiencies in patients with isolated AgCCb (Reference [5]) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genu and rostrum | Prefrontal | Non-dominant alien hand syndrome | Tactile Object Recognition test Hand Pose Imitation test Inter-Manual Localization of Pressure Points test Imitation of one-handed transitive and intransitive gestures drawn Tachistoscopic bilateral visual field matching task | Incoordination of both hand movements Slow sensory and motor reaction times Difficult spontaneous memory retrieval Difficult learning of novel and unfamiliar verbal and visual information Impaired reasoning, concept formation, and novel complex problem solving Poor comprehension of sarcasm Limited interpretation of second-order meanings Deficient cognitive inhibition and flexibility Deficient formulation of strategies Defective application of imagination and creativity Poor interpretation and expression of emotions according to the social context Deficient social communication | Wide Range Achievement Test 3 (WRAT-3) for academic skills in the areas of spelling, reading, and arithmetic 6-block and the 10-block versions of the Tactile Performance Test (TPT) Bimanual Coordination Test (BCT) Tactual Performance Test Finger Localization Test Raven’s Color Progressive Matrices for complex problem solving based on primarily visual/spatial stimuli Letter and Number Series Tests from the Primary Mental Abilities Test for complex problem solving and inductive reasoning ability Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) 12-item and 40-item free-answer version of the Proverbs Test for abstract verbal comprehension and reasoning The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) for recognition of social situations The Rorschach Inkblot Test for conventional visual recognition and interpretation of ambiguous information The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) for behavioral problems |
Body and isthmus | Premotor | Left unilateral motor apraxia Right unilateral constructional apraxia Impaired rapid alternating movement of both hands Left hand agraphia Left tactile anomia Left auditory anomia Right olfactory anomia | |||
Supplementary motor | |||||
Primary motor | |||||
Primary sensory | |||||
Parietal lobe | |||||
Temporal lobe | |||||
Splenium | Occipital lobe | Left hemialexia Left visual anomia Pure alexia | Reading words aloud Word reading Oral naming of visual presentation Written naming of visual presentation |