From: Unusual skull base metastasis from neuroendocrine tumor: a case report
Clinical syndrome | Relative frequency | Symptoms | Signs |
---|---|---|---|
Orbit syndrome | 12.5% | Supraorbital pain | Proptosis |
Frontal headache | Periorbital swelling | ||
Diplopia | Ophthalmoplegia | ||
Blurred vision | Decreased visual acuity | ||
Palpable mass | Facial numbness | ||
Parasellar syndrome | 29% | Frontal headache | Ophthalmoplegia |
Facial pain | Periorbital swelling | ||
Facial numbness | Visual loss | ||
Diplopia | Decreased facial sensation | ||
Hypopituitarism | |||
Diabetes insipidus | |||
Gasserian ganglion syndrome | 6% | Atypical facial pain | Abducens palsy |
Facial numbness | Facial palsy | ||
Paresthesia | |||
Jugular foramen syndrome | 3.5% | Occipital/postauricular pain | Cranial nerve palsies (IX, X, XI) |
Hoarseness | |||
Dysphagia | |||
Occipital condyle syndrome | 16% | Occipital pain | Cranial nerve palsies (XII) |
Neck stiffness | Â | ||
Dysarthria | |||
Others | 33% |