Table 1 Laboratory findings on admission

 Total protein (g/dL)

 Albumin (g/dL)

 Aspartate transaminase (IU/L)

 Alanine transaminase (IU/L)

 Lactate dehydrogenase (IU/L)

 Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)

 γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (IU/L)

 Creatinine (mg/dL)

 Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)

 Sodium (mEq/L)

 Potassium (mEq/L)

 Chloride (mEq/L)

 Total bilirubin (mg/dL)

 C-reactive protein (mg/dL)

 Hemoglobin A1c (%)

 Blood sugar (mg/dL)

 Serum osmolality (mOsm/kg)

 Metformin concentration (ng/mL)

 White blood cell (/μL)

 Red blood cell (× 10⁴/μL)

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

 Platelet (×10⁴/μL)

 Activated partial thromboplastin time (sec)

 Prothrombin time (%)

 Prothrombin time-international normalized ratio

 F_IO₂

 pH

 PaCO₂ (mmHg)

 PaO₂ (mmHg)

 HCO₃- (mmol/L)

 Base excess (mmol/L)

 Lactate (mg/dL)

    (mmol/L)