Case # | Year of publication | Authors | Age (years) | Sex | Race | Underlying liver disease | Activity of disease | Presenting symptom |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1989 | Omura et al. [24] | 57 | M | Paper from Japan | Not reported | Not reported | Paraplegia |
2–17 | 1992 | Lee [12] | 26–59 | M/F | n/a (paper from Taiwan) | 75% (12/16) hepatitis B positive | Not reported | - Pain/weakness in the distribution of thoracic/lumbar spine – 8 cases - Arm weakness – 2 cases - Scalp mass – 3 cases - Right hemicranias – 1 case - Diplopia – 1 case - Dysarthria – 1 case |
18 | 1993 | Kantharia et al. [25] | 45 | M | n/a (paper from, Syracuse, NY state) | Hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and alcoholic liver disease with cirrhosis | Not reported | Low back pain |
19 | 1997 | Yang et al. [26] | 37 | M | n/a (paper from Hong Kong) | Hepatitis B | Not reported | Low back pain |
20 | 1997 | Yang et al. [26] | 47 | F | n/a (paper from Hong Kong) | Not reported | Not reported | Low back pain |
21 | 1998 | Razana et al. [27] | 77 | M | Malay (Asian) | Alcoholic with liver cirrhosis | ALT and AST were elevated | Right lower limb weakness and paresthesia |
22 | 1998 | Razana et al. [27] | 68 | M | Malay (Asian) | Not reported | Not reported | Sudden onset of lower extremities paraparesis |
23 | 2003 | Po et al. [28] | 60 | M | n/a (paper from Taiwan) | Hepatitis B and C | Remission | Low back pain |
24 | 2005 | Garcia and Castillo [29] | 49 | M | Not reported | Alcohol abuse, hepatitis B and C negative | Not reported | Low back pain |
25 | 2006 | Doval et al. [30] | 55 | M | Not reported (paper from China) | Hepatitis B | Remission | Low back pain |
26 | 2006 | Doval et al. [30] | 70 | M | Not reported (paper from China) | Alcoholic, hepatitis B and C negative | Not reported | Chest pain |
27 | 2006 | Doval et al. [30] | 62 | M | Not reported (paper from China) | Nonalcoholic, hepatitis B and C negative | Not reported | Pain in the neck and low back |
28 | 2011 | Vargas et al. [31] | 50 | M | Not reported (paper from USA) | Alcohol abuse, hepatitis B | AST 146Â U/L, ALT 84Â U/l | Low back pain |
29 | 2014 | Nangolo et al. [5] | 46 | M | Namibian (Africa) | Alcoholic hepatitis and hepatitis B | AST 180Â IU/l and ALT 70Â IU/l | b/l leg weakness |
30 | 2014 | Vallianou et al. [32] | 79 | M | n/a (paper from Greece) | Hepatitis B (not on medications) | Not mentioned | Upper extremity muscle pain and paresthesia |
31 | 2015 | Hwang et al. [4] | 61 | M | n/a (paper from South Korea) | Hepatitis B | AST 418Â U/l ALT 594Â U/l HBV DNA 1890769 copies/mL | Upper extremity weakness and tingling |
32 | 2016 | Sangli et al. [14] | 49 | M | Emigrant from Ghana | Hepatitis B not on medications | ALT and AST WNL | Left lower extremity weakness and numbness |
33 | 2017 | Ayyadurai et al. [13] | 58 | M | n/a (paper from Bronx, USA) | Hepatitis C and alcohol abuse | LFTs WNL | Neck pain |
34 | 2017 | Our patient | 64 | M | Native American | Hepatitis C (treated, no viral load detected) | ALT 505, AST 210, bilirubin 1.5 | Lower back pain and numbness |
35 | 2017 | Our patient | 70 | M | Native American | Hepatitis C Ab positive. RNA not detected | ALT 90, ASTÂ 104 | Upper back pain and numbness of right foot |