Table 1 Comparative characteristics of reported tuberculous osteomyelitis of the jaw during infancy
From: Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a cause of mandibular osteomyelitis in a young woman: a case report
Sex, age [reference] | Clinical findings | Mandibular Region | Histological diagnosis | Methods for tuberculosis diagnosis | Treatment (follow-up) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male, 3 years old [2] | 1 month Left submandibular mass Lymph enlargement | Angle | Granulomatous osteomyelitis consistent with tuberculosis | Primary. Ziehl-Neelsen staining and culturing not performed | Antitubercular therapy (6 months) Without recurrence |
Male, 4 years old [3] | 1 month Progressive swelling on cheek, right side Caries in the right second primary molar Lymph nodes | Body Angle | Granulomatous osteomyelitis | Secondary Granulomatous area Giant and epithelioid cells surrounded by lymphocytes and plasma cells Positive Ziehl-Neelsen staining | Antitubercular chemotherapy (6 months) Complete resolution |
Female, 10 years old [4] | 2 months Gradual swelling in left mandibular region Caries in the lower left second deciduous molar No evidence of lymphadenopathy | Body | Caseous granuloma | Primary Fine-needle aspiration cytology of swelling on left side of mandible | Antitubercular chemotherapy for 8 months Without recurrence |
Female, 14 years old [5] | 2 months Progressive swelling in the right parotid region Tooth extraction 8 months ago | Angle | Epithelioid cell granuloma with caseous necrosis Giant cell, Langerhans type Peripheral mantle of lymphocytes | Primary Open biopsy | Antitubercular therapy Complete resolution |
Female, 18 years old [6] | 8 months Edema and trismus (preauricular region) of left side of face Ulcerative lesion (retromolar region) Lymph node enlargement | Ramus Condyle | Caseous granuloma | Primary Fine-needle aspiration cytology | Not started |
Female, 9 years old [7] | 3 months Progressive mandibular edema Intermittent fever Lymph node | Angle Ramus | Multiple epithelioid cell granulomas Multinucleated giant cells Caseation necrosis areas Lymphocytic infiltrates | Primary Positive Ziehl-Neelsen staining for AFB | Antitubercular treatment (9 months) No recurrence |
Female, 16 years old [8] | 6 months No important antecedents No tooth extractions or any oral trauma | Ramus Condyle | Granulation tissue Necrotic bone Focal epithelioid cell granulomas Langerhans giant cells Chronic inflammatory cells | Primary Negative sputum for Ziehl-Neelsen staining Positive tuberculin skin test | Antitubercular treatment (9 months) No recurrence |
Female, 16 years old [present report] | 7 months Left mandibular inflammation Ulcerative lesion over the retromolar region (impacted 37) Lymph node | Body Ramus Condyle | Chronic osteomyelitic process | Primary Molecular diagnosis (real-time PCR) | Antitubercular treatment (9 months) Hemimandibulectomy Mandibular reconstruction No recurrence (15 months) |