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Table 1 Diagnostic criteria for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Curacao criteria)

From: Definite hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia in a 60-year-old black Kenyan woman: a case report

Criteria Characteristics
Epistaxis (nosebleeds) Spontaneous and recurrent epistaxis
Mucocutaneous telangiectasias Multiple telangiectasias at characteristic sites (for example, lips, tongue, nose and hands)
Arteriovenous malformations Involving visceral organs, including the pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and cerebral vasculature
Family history of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia A first-degree relative with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
  1. The hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia diagnosis is classified as definite if three or four criteria are present; possible/suspected if two criteria are present; and unlikely if fewer than two criteria are present [4]
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