Table 1 Summary of the literature for cases of organizing pneumonia associated with the use of hypomethylating agents

Adams et al. [5]

71-year-old male

Shortness of breath and dyspnea

Immediately after 7-day course of first cycle of azacitidine

Bilateral perihilar airspace shadowing

Acute and chronic interstitial and alveolar fibrosis with chronic inflammation consistent with organizing pneumonia

Died few weeks later

Sekhri et al. [6]

56-year-old male

Not clear

Not clear

Non-resolving organizing pneumonia

Non-resolving organizing pneumonia pattern with bronchocentric granulomatous pattern suggestive of drug-induced lung disease

Successfully treated with steroids with resolution of lung infiltrate

Kuroda et al. [7]

72-year-old male

Pyrexia

After 7-day course of azacitidine

Acute interstitial pneumonitis

N/A

Died

Hueser and Patel [8]

55-year-old female

Hyperthermia

Not clear

Acute interstitial pneumonitis that led to acute respiratory failure

N/A

Responded to high-dose methylprednisolone

Vasu et al. [9]

65-year-old male

Cough, fever, and chills

2 weeks after initiating decitabine

Consolidation of lower lobe of left lung

Patchy areas of organizing pneumonia with fibrin balls within the alveoli and air spaces

Dramatic improvement with methylprednisolone

Current case

67-year-old male

Shortness of breath and dyspnea

2 weeks after second cycle of azacitidine

Multifocal pulmonary consolidation and bilateral interstitial thickening

Chronic nonspecific inflammation with macrophages consistent with organizing pneumonia

Variable response to steroids. Remained on home oxygen