Physical and physiologic signs of fluid extravasation | Abdominal compartment syndrome clinical syndromes | Initiate treatment to reduce intra-abdominal pressure |
---|---|---|
Cardiac arrhythmias | Systolic blood pressure less than 90mmHg or need for catecholamine support | Improve abdominal wall compliance |
Sedation and analgesia. Neuromuscular blockade. Avoid head of bed >30 degrees | ||
Hypotension | PaO2 60mmHg or less or need for mechanical ventilation | Correct positive fluid balance |
Avoid excessive fluid resuscitation. Diuretics. Colloids/hypertonic fluids. Hemodialysis/ultrafiltration | ||
Oxygen saturation <95 | Need for hemodialysis or creatinine level greater than 177umol/L after rehydration | Organ support. Maintain APP >60mmHg with vasopressors. Optimize ventilation, alveolar recruitment. Use transmural airway pressures |
Pplattm = Pplat – IAP. Consider using volumetric preload indices. If using PAOP/CVP, use transmural pressures | ||
PAOPtm = PAOP – 0.5 × IAP CVPtm = CVP – 0.5 × IAP | ||
Hypothermia (core temperature <35°C) | Unresponsiveness | Evacuate intraluminal contents. Nasogastric decompression. Rectal decompression. Gastro-/colo-prokinetic agents |
Shortness of breath | Shortness of breath/apnea | |
Peak pressure ↑ on artificial ventilation |