POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, multiple myeloma and skin changes) with cranial vault plasmocytoma and the role of surgery in its management: a case report

Table 1 Criteria for the diagnosis of POEMS syndrome

Mandatory major criteria	Polyneuropathy
Mandatory major criteria	Monoclonal plasmaproliferative disorder
Other major criteria	Castleman’s disease
	Sclerotic bone lesions
	Elevated serum or plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels
Minor criteria	Organomegaly (splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, or lymphadenopathy)
	Extravascular volume overload (peripheral edema, ascites or pleural effusion)
	Endocrinopathy (adrenal, thyroid, pituitary, gonadal, parathyroid, pancreatic)
	Skin changes (hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, plethora, hemangiomata, white nails)
	Papilledema
	Thrombocytosis or polycythemia

The existence of both mandatory major criteria and at least one of the other major criteria and one of the minor criteria are necessary for the diagnosis [4].

ISSN: 1752-1947