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Table 1 Hydralazine-associated anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis

From: Hydralazine-induced anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive renal vasculitis presenting with a vasculitic syndrome, acute nephritis and a puzzling skin rash: a case report

 

Short and Lockwood (1995) [[10]]

Choi et al. (2000) [[1]]

Yokogawa and Vivino (2009) [[9]]

Number of patients

10

10

68

Age range (years)

55–76

45–81

60–67

Females (%), female/total patients

70 (7/10)

70 (7/10)

59 (40/68)

Hydralazine dose range (mg/day)

50–150

75–200

50–300

Duration of drug exposure (months)

36–156

12–63

0.73 to >120

Patients with renal involvement

10

9

55

Patients with cutaneous involvement

4

3

25

Patients with pulmonary involvement

2

5

13

Confirmed pauci-immune GN

7

5

>25 *

ANCA-positive

10

10

45

MPO-positive

10

10

45

Anti-histone-positive (patients)

NR

NR

(12/12)

  1. Abbreviations: ANCA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; GN, glomerulonephritis; MPO, myeloperoxidase antibodies; NR, not reported.
  2. * Authors estimated number from data available in the literature.