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Table 3 RCC metastases to the nasal and paranasal regions

From: Atypical presentations and rare metastatic sites of renal cell carcinoma: a review of case reports

Sex/age at diagnosis

Location

Treatment of primary tumor

Interval between diagnosis of primary tumor and metastasis

Diagnosis of metastasis before primary treatment

Presenting symptoms

Metastases to other sites

f/65

Nasal

Nephrectomy

17 years

no

epistaxis

Thyroid, small intestine

m/58

Maxillary Sinus

Nephrectomy

11 years

no

lasting nasal obstruction

Lung

f/69

Nasal

Nephrectomy

NA

no

NA

Lung

f/60

Maxillary Sinus

Nephrectomy

10 years

no

Hyposmia, pain

-

f/87

Maxillary Sinus

Nephrectomy

eight years

no

epistaxis, nasal obstruction

-

m/71

Nasal

Nephrectomy

NA

no

epistaxis, nasal obstruction

Lung

N.A

Nose

-

Metastasis first

yes

NA

-

m/73

Ethmoid sinus

-

Metastasis first

yes

epistaxis

-

N.A

Ethmoid sinus

Nephrectomy

17 years

NA

epistaxis, nasal obstruction

-

f/45

Nasal Septum

-

NA

NA

NA

-

m/70

Nasosinusal

-

Metastasis first

yes

epistaxis

-

m/60

Maxillary Sinus

Nephrectomy

six months

NA

NA

-

  1. f: female; m: male; NA: not available