Figure 3From: Thoracoscopic-assisted repair of a bochdalek hernia in an adult: a case report Surgical findings with thoracoscopy. A) The left colon and spleen were identified in the left thoracic cavity under thoracoscopy. No hernia sac was found. B) The left colon and spleen appeared to have herniated through a left posterior diaphragmatic defect, as indicated by the preoperative chest computed tomography. C) The diaphragmatic defect, 5 cm × 6 cm in size, had a smooth circular edge and showed gradual expansion at the thoracic wall. D) The defect was closed using a single layer primary closure method with interrupted non-absorbable sutures.Back to article page