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Table 1 Summary of reported cases of pineal glioblastoma multiforme

From: Primary glioblastoma in the pineal region: a case report and review of the literature

Author/Year

Age/Sex

Symptoms

Radiological findings

Leptomeningeal dissemination

Treatment

Survival

Bradfield et al./1972

53/F

N-A

Obstructive HDC, mass in post. 3rd ventricle

No on autopsy

Resection

Postoperative death

Bradfield et al./1972

5/F

N-A

Obstructive HDC, mass in post. 3rd ventricle

No on autopsy

Shunt

27 mos

DeGirolami et al./1973

3 cases

Intracranial hypertension, vertical gaze palsy in one case

N-A

N-A

RT for all cases, Resection for only one case

N-A

Kalyanaraman/1979

68/F

Ataxia, confusion, urinary incontinence, upgaze limitation

CT: HDC, calcified midline mass

N-A

Resection, RT

4 mos

Norbut et al./1981

36/M

HA, blurry vision, Parinaud's syndrome

CT: HDC, mass in post. 3rd ventricle

Yes on autopsy (4th ventricle, leptomeninges of cerebral cortex, interpeduncular fossa, brain stem, and spinal cord)

Shunt, RT

4 mos

Frank et al./1985

52/F

Intracranial hypertension, oculomotor disturbances

HDC, mass in 3rd ventricle

N-A

Stereotactic biopsy, RT

4 mos

Edwards et al./1988

12/F

N-A

N-A

N-A

Resection, RT, Chemotherapy

18 mos

Vaquero et al./1990

63/M

HA, changing of behavior

CT: rounded hyperdense mass with ring enhancement

N-A

Shunt, Resection, Whole brain RT

6 mos

Pople et al./1993

6/F

HA, N/V, diplopia, decreased visual acuity, 6th cranial nerve palsy, upgaze limitation

CT & MR: HDC, enhancing mass

Yes on FU CT (frontal & occipital lobes, scattered leptomenges)

Shunt, Resection, local RT, Chemotherapy

4 mos

Cho et al./1998

10–15/F

N-A

N-A

N-A

Resection, RT

6 mos

Gasparetto et al./2003

29/F

HA, drowsiness, fever, dizziness, seizure,

CT & MR: ill-defined heterogeneously enhanced mass with extension to thalamus

No

Shunt, Resection

2 mos

Toyooka et al./2005

49/M

HA, diplopia, memory disturbance

MR: irregular heterogeneously enhanced mass

Yes on FU MR (lateral ventricle, pons, pontomedullary junction)

Shunt, Resection, Chemotheraphy (ACNU), local RT

11 mos

Amini et al./2006

40/M

HA, N/V, diplopia, blurry vision

CT: Obstructive HDC, strong enhancement, punctuate calcification

MR: heterogenously enhancing with central necrosis, extension into midbrain

Yes on initial MR (cbll, medulla, temporal lobe)

Endoscopic TVB, Resection, Shunt, Whole brain RT, Chemotherapy (Temodar)

5 mos

Amini et al./2006

43/M

HA, disequilibrium, decreased level of mental status

MR: heterogenously enhancing, HDC

Yes on FU MR (intraventricular)

TVB, Resection, Whole brain RT, Chemotherapy

7 mos

Amini et al./2006

52/F

HA, N/V, diplopia, blurry vision, upgaze palsy

MR: heterogenously enhancing with central necrosis, obstructive HDC

Yes on FU MR (lateral ventricle, leptomeninges of brain & spine)

Endoscopic TVB, RT

2 mos

Present case/2006

68/M

HA, N/V, Ataxia

CT: HDC, hypodense mass

MR: irregular heterogeneously ring-enhanced mass with central necrosis

Yes on initial MR (4th ventricle)

Resection, Shunt

2 mos

  1. F, female; FU, follow-up; M, male; mos, months; MR, magnetic resonance; CT, computed tomography; HA, headache; N/V, nausea & vomiting; HDC, hydrocephalus; RT, radiation therapy; N-A, not available; post., posterior; TVB, third ventriculostomy & biosy